environmental factors that influence our cultural identity

His book Beyond Culture is still considered one of the most influential books for the field of intercultural communication.17,18 According to Hall, all cultures incorporate both verbal and nonverbal elements into communication. What are the factors and forces that influences one's view on the self? Changes in these areas help create a healing environment that is psychologically supportive for patients, families, and staff. Imagine youre having an interaction with an individual from India. Environmental Influences on Child Development Environmental influences on child development can include influences from community and culture as well as from environmental health hazards. Add items 1-5 (Intercultural Understanding) = ___________________, Add items 6-10 (Intercultural Knowledge) = ___________________, Add items 7-15 (Intercultural Motivation) = ___________________, Add items 16-20 (Intercultural Behavior) = ___________________. ), Handbook of cultural intelligence: Theory, measurement, and application (pp. Maybe youve belonged to a religious organization your entire life. Question 3 To complete this task refer to (pp. Chinese - Indonesians' Culture in relation to Personal Identity. By growing up and surrounding oneself with culture and all itsshow more content Was this interpersonal interaction appropriate? However, income is just one indicatory of power distance within a culture. Our brain both is shaped by the external world and shapes our perception of the external world. During an interpersonal interaction, individuals strive to create a positive version of their face for the other person. We often refer to microcultures as local cultures because they do tend to exist among a small segment of people within a specific geographical location. Thirteen countries meet this designation: Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, the Czech Republic, Iran, Ireland, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Poland, Romania, Saudi Arabia, the UK, and the United States. Before continuing, take a minute and complete the Cultural Intelligence Questionnaire in Table 6.2. Surprisingly not. Additionally, there is a strong emphasis on saving face, which we will discuss more in the next section, fulfilling ones obligations today, and enjoying ones leisure time. Listed below are the environmental factors that influence our cultural identity. That does not mean that a person cannot divert from that and develop their own identity, based on how they truly want to be. In 1952, A. L. Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn compiled a list of 164 definitions for the word culture. Culture is often described as the way we do things.1 In their book, the authors noted, Considering that concept [of culture] has had a name for less than 80 years, it is not surprising that full agreement and precision has not yet been attained.2 Kroeber and Kluckhohn predicted that eventually, science would land on a singular definition of culture as it was refined through the scientific process over time. 4 - 9) of your reading: Understanding Culture. When we use blanket stereotypes to make a priori (before the fact) judgments about someone, we distance ourselves from making accurate, informed decisions about that person (and their cultural group). As such, in those cultures, putting ones self in harms way (course of action) or dying (outcome) would be seen as both desirable and appropriate. I can vary my rate of speech if an intercultural encounter requires it. Food habits 5. According to a 2013 report from the U.S. Census department (using income data from 2012), here is how income inequality in the U.S. looks: Households in the lowest quintile had incomes of $20,599 or less in 2012. And many hospitals and healthcare settings are applying these findings. Some of these groups are near and dear to us, while others are ones we dont think about very often, so they just arent very important to us. Unlike genetic changes, epigenetic changes are reversible and do not change your DNA sequence, but they can change how your body reads a DNA sequence. In these cultures, there tends to be high respect for the past and the various traditions that have made that culture great. However, previous research has not focused on the role of college marching band participation in student development. The order of affection received was (in order of the most trait affection received) United States, Denmark, Poland, and Iceland. Every individual belongs to a wide range of groups, and we can evaluate these groups as either positive or negative. Cultural intelligence (CQ) is defined as an individuals capability to function effectively in situations characterized by cultural diversity.46, In their original study on the topic, Earley and Ang argued that cultural intelligence is based on four distinct factors: cognitive, motivational, metacognitive, and behavioral dimensions. Another determinant is our individual behavior. Culture includes the social ethics, principles, or morals seen in society. Norms are informal guidelines about what is acceptable or proper social behavior within a specific culture. With the exception of masculinity/femininity, each factor has a statistically significant effect on environmental performance metrics. If a person's cultural values encourage traits such as honesty and integrity, that individual is more likely to follow ethical . Definition Cultural identity is the sense of belonging towards a culture. Although throwing rocks at another person should be viewed as universally inappropriate, Ellens ethnocentric behavior and complete lack of understanding of Muslim countries were also inappropriate. How do you think these stereotypes would impact your interpersonal interactions with people from these different groups? I enjoy being with people from other cultures and getting to know them. plee@psu.edu PMID: 16128238 _____18. The term ethnocentrism can be defined as the degree to which an individual views the world from their own cultures perspective while evaluating other cultures according their own cultures preconceptions, often accompanied by feelings of dislike, mistrust, or hate for cultures deemed inferior. The results also indicated that trait affection given was significantly associated with the individualism-collectivism, masculinity-femininity, and uncertainty avoidance dimensions of cultures. The second factor of collective self-esteem is membership esteem, which is the degree to which an individual sees themself as a good member of a group. During my intercultural interactions, I try to be mindful of how my perceptions of someones culture are either consistent with or differ from reality. However, the concepts of what is low, middle, and upper can have very large differences. For example, in all of the creation myths discussed in the previous paragraph, these are beliefs that were held by many people at various times in human history. The basic sources of personality development are heredity and environment. During this process, the meaning associated with the co-culture is often twisted or forgotten. This model allows an ethnic person four possibilities: a) a strong bicultural identity, b) a strong ethnic identity but a weak identification with mainstream culture, c) a weak ethnic identity but a strong identification with mainstream culture, and d) a weak identification with both cultures. The way that you carry a conversation, respond to failure, form relationships with others, and generally behave is in part related to your genetics - but your world and life experiences also shape your attitudes and behaviors. Femininity, on the other hand, involves characteristics like having a good working relationship with ones manager and coworkers, cooperating with people at work, and security (both job and familial). Countries are deemed eco-efficient if they use as much or fewer pollutants than countries with equal or higher GDP per capita levels. The degree to which an individual can communicate competently in varying cultural situations. More simplistically, face is essentially a persons reputation and feelings of prestige within multiple spheres, including the workplace, the family, personal friends, and society at large.44 For our purposes, we can generally break face down into general categories: face gaining and face losing. As such, its important to spend time and build your cultural intelligence if you are going to be an effective communicator in todays world. However, this is only one of many different creation myths that have abounded over time in different cultures: Ultimately, which creation story we grew up with was a matter of the culture in which we were raised. We speak American. Ill give the speaker the benefit of the doubt and believe she meant we speak English, which is true for the majority of citizens in the United States (78.1% according to U.S. Census data from 2021, https://data.census.gov/cedsci/). High avoidance societies fight uncertainty with many precise laws and rules and generally repress citizen protest. All of the knowledge about cultural differences in the world will not be beneficial if you cannot use that information to understand and adapt your behavior during an interpersonal interaction with someone from a differing culture. Some interesting findings associated with indulgence include experiencing higher levels of positive emotions and remembering those emotions for more extended periods. These influence all social processes including business, education and life in general. Labeling our stereotypes of other people is important because it helps us recognize them faster, the more we engage in this type of mindful behavior. I can easily alter my behaviors to suit the needs of an intercultural encounter. Personality informs people's beliefs, values, and attitudes, and scientists have found that personality factors can influence our likelihood to engage in environmentally sensitive practices.The Big Five Personality trait model is . Impact of environment upon gender identity and sexual orientation: a lesson for parents of children with intersex or gender confusion Authors Peter A Lee 1 , Christopher P Houk Affiliation 1 Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, The Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA. Development and validation of the CQS: The Cultural Intelligence Scale. We will write a custom Essay on How Does Culture Affect the Self Identity Personal Essay specifically for you. Pollution from a nearby power plant, contaminated water, or lead in the home, for example, can cause lasting impacts on children's health. During intercultural interactions, I am well aware of the cultural knowledge I utilize. Collectivistic cultures tend to think about actions that might affect the entire group rather than specific members of the group. Here is one I found from a protestor in Alabama, We live in America. This combination of your genetics and experiences ultimately forms your identity and . Individuals and groups move about, in . Essentially, ones culture is normative,16 or we assume that our cultures rules, regulations, and norms are correct and those of other cultures are deviant, which is highly ethnocentric. These set of norms puts pressure of the human being to act in a certain way. For example, if youre someone who has always lived in Charleston, South Carolina, then being a member of the Southerner cultural group may be a very important part of your identity. Perhaps you live in a dorm that is allegedly haunted. From years of research examining both extraversion and neuroticism, we know that extraverted individuals have more successful interpersonal relationships than those who are highly neurotic. Unfortunately, the idea of a single definition of culture is no closer to becoming a reality today than it was in 1952.3. _____20. In this fast-paced survey of research on how culture shapes cognition, Nalini Ambady examines the neural evidence for socio-cultural influences on thinking, judgment, and behavior. Study Shows Coral Deaths Continue to Rise, Decarbonize Housing: Centering Equity While Phasing Out Natural Gas. As you can see, becoming a truly culturally intelligent person involves a lot of work. To this end, some of the villagers in Marrakech took it upon themselves to correct Ellens nonverbal behavior by throwing rocks at her. _____11. Think about your own dominant culture. Even if youre not completely culturally competent, you can engage with people from other cultures in a mindful way. All of us live in a world where we are raised in a dominant culture. I would have no problem socializing with people from a new culture. Low eco-efficiency is also strongly correlated with high uncertainty avoidance. Why? In this case, was Roy culturally intelligent? This belonging can be justified with the shared set of companionship, principles or beliefs of living. One myth among the Tibetan people is that they owe their existence to the union of an ogress, not of this world, and a monkey on Gangpo Ri Mountain at Tsetang. I know how to interact verbally with people from different cultures. Other people think of traditional dress like that seen from Kashmir in Figure 6.1. I was recently surfing the Internet looking for uses of the word American for this chapter. And the Aboriginal tribes in Australia believe that humans are just the decedents of gods. Another function of culture is that it helps us establish norms. Culture is the shared characteristics of a group of people, which encompasses , place of birth, religion, language, cuisine, social behaviors, art, literature, and music. _____15. The third factor of collective self-esteem is public collective self-esteem, or the degree to which nonmembers of a group evaluate a group and its members either positively or negatively. This factor is difficult to quantify rigorously, but the authors have shown how cultural attitudes may be directly related to a countrys overall ecological efficiency. Summarize the implications of ethnocentrism in interpersonal communication. Excluded or removed from a group by others in that group. First, people in these societies are a poor proxy for the average human, representing countries that make up only about 12% of the world's population. As you can imagine, depending on the type of culture you live in, you will have wildly different social interactions with other people. Admittedly, in Hofstedes research, there does tend to be a difference between females and males on these characteristics (females tend to be more relationally oriented and males more assertive), which is why Hofstede went with the terms masculinity and femininity in the first place. ADVERTISEMENTS: 6. Identity formation is a process through which, particularly in modern societies, individuals are able to choose from an array of . Also, if you find that your mind is shifting, recognize the shift and allow yourself to re-center on your interaction with the other person. The United States is number one on individualism, according to Hofstedes data.27 Americans are considered individualistic. In masculine cultures, women are the caretakers of the home, while men are to be healthy and wealthy. Because of climate, certain regions of the world or country were rice growing, while other regions were wheat growing. One of our coauthors favorite examples of the problem of ethnocentrism comes from the MTV television show Road Rules: The Quest. They do make it a point to note, however, that even between countries with similar levels of ecologic efficiency, one can see a great disparity in cultural attitudes and values. Cultural Implications We want to conserve our resources and under-spend to build that financial cushion for the future. You may have been forced into gang life at a very early age. At the same time, dont judge yourself for having these ideas. Second, go into an intercultural interaction knowing your intention. The media can also influence and perpetuate gender stereotypes. _____10. For our purposes, we are going to talk about culture as a group of people who through a process of learning are able to share perceptions of the world which influences their beliefs, values, norms, and rules, which eventually affect behavior.4 Lets break down this definition. Identity is also influenced by internal. When thinking about your own intercultural relationships, some ways to have more rewarding intercultural relationships can include: understanding your own culture better, being interested in other people and their cultures, respecting other peoples cultures, becoming culturally intelligent, tolerating ambiguity during interactions, being aware of and overcoming your own ethnocentrism, and being a good example of your own culture. Cultural orientation where individuals focus on the future and not the present or past. How does each of these different co-cultural groups influence who you are as a person? Maybe you live in a dorm that specializes in honors students or pairs U.S. students with international students. Co-cultures bring their unique sense of history and purpose within a larger culture. When a country opens its doors to international trade, goods designed for a "global . Bravery is very important in her tribe. _____6. Instead, its essential to focus on the person you are interacting with. One of the latest buzz-words in the business world is cultural intelligence, which was initially introduced to the scholarly community in 2003 by P. Christopher Earley and Soon Ang.45 In the past decade, a wealth of research has been conducted examining the importance of cultural intelligence during interpersonal interactions with people from other cultures. Henri Tajfel originally coined the term collective self as that aspect of an individuals self-concept which derives from his knowledge of his membership in a social group (or groups) together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership.8 Jennifer Crocker and Riia Luhtanen took Tajfels ideas one step further and discussed them as an individuals collective self-esteem, or the aspect of an individuals self-worth or self-image that stems from their interaction with others and evaluation of their various social groups.9 Based on their research, Crocker and Luhtanen found four different factors related to an individuals collective self-esteem: private collective esteem, membership esteem, public collective esteem, and importance to identity. Culture Influence on Personality Identity. If you ended up leaving the south and moving to Oregon, this southerner label may take on even more meaning for you and become an even stronger identity marker because your immediate cultural group no longer surrounds you. As such, there is a focus on both persistence and thrift. Roy and Jalissa still would get together regularly and go shopping, go to the movies, have dinner, etc. Small/large power distance shapes members preferences for horizontal-based facework versus vertical-based facework. Co-cultures will also have their holidays and traditions. _____13. _____14. When people hear the word culture, many different images often come to mind. In this case, the collective views the group that you belong to positively. Interrogate those judgments. In this chapter, were going to explore culture and its impact on interpersonal communication. Society Does our identity begin its cultivation from the moment we're born? Power distance and individualism exert the strongest forces. Personality i.e. Often these stereotypes that we have of those other groups (e.g., Purple People) occur because we are taught them since we are very young. Face-negotiation theory ultimately concerned with three different types of face: self-face (concern for our face), other-face (concern for another persons face), and mutual-face (concern for both interactants and the relationship).39 As you can see from Ting-Toomeys last assumption in her theory above, individuals who are competent in facework can recognize when facework is necessary and then handle those situations appropriately, effectively, and adaptively. Hofstede also refers to these tendencies as being more assertive. In an individualistic culture, if someone asked what you do for a living, they would answer by saying their profession or occupation. Continuing in this tradition are current investigations into the roles of pollutants and other aspects of the human-made environment in affecting patterns of human growth and development, specifically the timing of sexual maturation and the development of obesity. So much of mindful relationships is embodying the right attitude during our interactions with others. Each one of us has an innate awareness of our surroundings, which impacts us knowingly and unknowingly. ), whereas face losing refers to those behaviors someone engages in that can harm their reputation or feelings of prestige (e.g., getting caught in a lie, failing, etc.). The different sets of beliefs, values, and morals embedded in various national cultures . His interests ultimately culminated in his 1980 publication Cultures Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values where he explained some basic cultural differences.22 Over the years, Geert has fine-tuned his theory of culture, and the most recent update to his theory occurred in 2010.23 In Geerts research examining thousands of workers from around the globe, he has noticed a series of six cultural differences: low vs. high power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, masculinity vs. femininity, low vs. high uncertainty avoidance, long-term vs. short-term orientation, and indulgence vs. restraint.

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