That seemed like a good omen to him. One such scholar is Mahmoud Mamdani who, although he shares many of Rouhana's concerns, makes a useful comparison between the Native American and Palestinian situations. to explore the ship. They fail, but they are not sent back to Germany. Tomorrow,' he'd told Mahmoud's father." Alan Gratz author Refugee book Youssef Bishara character despair refugees smugglers concepts 07 Youre Mariano Padrons granddaughter, arent you? the fisherman said. Shed told her parents what shed done, but not Lito. He kept frowning at the motor and the rudder like there was something wrong, but besides a quick patch job of stuffing a sock into the bullet hole, everything was good. Hadnt everyone on board already applied and paid for visas? Barrel bombs were filled with nails and scrap metal, and if you didnt have a wall to duck behind youd be shredded to pieces. Theres no food to feed the baby here anyway, Isabel said. Theres something theyre not telling us, the shipping company. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Everything the soldier was describing stood between them and Turkey. This blog is an opportunity for me to explore topics through books! Chabela, get down from there! Isabel ignored them both and turned this way and that, calling out for her father. Refugee book Mahmoud Bishara character drowning baby saving a life concepts 02 Share "Whether you were visible or invisible, it was all about how other people reacted to you. The US has spent 7 trillion dollars (!) Castro condemned the violence that had broken out on the Malecn, blaming it on US agents. However, Hana is lost and nowhere to be found, presumably lost or dead. Isabel put her hands to her mouth but couldnt help laughing again with everyone else. To be an adult. She needs a name, Ivn said. In the days to come, Josef learned that his family wasnt the only one the Nazis had attacked that night. Isabels eyes fell on Luis and his girlfriend, and she understood. View bestsellers, featured, top rated, classics, hidden gems, and new releases. We cant stay here. She dropped to her knees and pulled them both into a hug. Years. Without their parents on the ship, they had skipped synagogue to play. . Wearing that uniform turned boys into monsters. Josef remembered a time in class, back when he was allowed to go to school. But Mahmoud did everything he could to hide his size and his face, to stay under the radar. He had to get up. Mahmoud sank to the floor of the old Mercedes station wagon and tried to disappear. Mahmouds mother was carrying their school backpacks, and she traded them for Hana. As Mahmoud and his mother let go, Fatima realizes that she has given her baby away and becomes inconsolable. (This displacement has been decided upon or forced for 55% of Syrians since the start of the war in 2011. What if they follow us? But the food shortages had driven more and more Cubans to el norte. Our home is destroyed! Chabela! her mother called. The Jewish people on the ship were seeking asylum, just like us. Fatima Bishara. We need more writers. He waved a hand at all the magazines and newspapers. He says the family has stayed for too long and it is time to escape to Germany. She had bright eyes, wild brown haircut in a bob and parted on the side a little gap between her 2 front teeth. Assuming we stop to sleep every night, thats a nineteen-day walk. Who are the characters in the book refugee? They threw Josef and Ruth on the floor once more and flicked on the overhead light. Mahmoud finally reached him, snatching him up and away from the cliffs edge that used to be their wall. I love researching and learning new things. One of the stewards shook his head. Refugee by Alan Gratz (18) The residence of her family. Mahmouds ears rang with a high-pitched whine, like the TV when the satellite was searching for a signal. You should stand up for your country! All Isabel could see was the metal side of the boat in front of her face, but she heard a commotion behind her. I found a bit of dead fish on the beach for the cat. Isabel recoiled at the smell, but the kitten came running back, eating greedily from Ivns hand. Put that on. Mahmoud has already had much experience dealing with the trauma of war, as the Syrian Civil War has already been raging for four years at the beginning of Mahmouds story. Refugee is a book that addresses a real-life issuethe tough lives of refugees from many times and places of the worldin an action-packed adventure that (I hope) young readers wont be able to put down. There wont be enough men there to form a minyan! Papa said. The kitten gobbled up the last of the beans and mewed pitifully. We have to get out! Mr. and Mrs. Sarraf hurried back into their apartment, and Mahmoud carried Hana down the stairs, pulling Waleed behind them. Josef slipped back into his compartment, still shaking, and collapsed onto his bench. Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud will leave their homes. In Refugee, Alan Gratz has . Josefs mother led him and his sister through the crowds to the Hamburg docks, where their ship waited for them. Hikaru UtadaKINGDOM HEARTS - III, II.8, Unchained & Union (. The world was a whirlwind of bricks and broken dishes and table legs and heat, and Mahmoud slammed into a cabinet. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. She was sure she had just heard the sound of breaking glass, but cars and bicycles kept streaming by under the bright sun on the Malecn like nothing had happened. But when he got her aboard, Ivn and his mother then reached their hands out for the two policemen who were chasing them. Mahmoud didnt like the sound of that, eitherto him, smuggler meant illegal, and illegal meant dangerous. Mahmoud grabbed the railing to steady himself and waited a long, breathless moment to see if the stairs were going to collapse. Search 6 Witzhave solar panel installation companies to find the best solar panel installation company for your project. This is Syria, not Iran! Were going to latch all the stalls from the inside and crawl out under the doors so no one can use the toilets! No, dont Josef tried to tell them, but they were already gone. Tools to track, assess, and motivate classroom reading. Mahmoud grabs Waleeds hand and begins walking out of the compound. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Here, Mahmoud emphasizes that being invisible serves as a form of protection for him: the less he is noticed, the less likely it is for him to be attacked. How will we get there? By car first. Mahmouds father shrugged. Ill stay here with your father. Josef and Ruth were only too glad to get away from Papa. Couples kissed under palm trees. Answers: 1. Tomorrow, hed told Mahmouds father. In the gallery above, Josef saw one of the crew slam a fist down on the railing and storm off. Renata and What is the name of the ship Josefs family will travel on? Mahmoud leaned over to see. They only see us when we do something they dont want us to do, Mahmoud realized., I see rocks! someone at the front of the dinghy yelled, and there was a loud POOM! No! Isabel cried. No one is coming to help us. The circus is in town! Mahmoud looked around. She never did make much. His gas-powered fishing boat rocked gently at a little pier nearby. Were building a doghouse, he said, before sprinting away. Russian airstrikes have hit here and here in support of that Alawite pig Assad, and American drones are attacking Daesh here and here. Mahmouds eyes went wide. When Youssef and Mahmoud return to their cell and pass, Mahmoud: Hungary 2015, 17 days from home, refugee camp in a cold, muddy field surrounded by wired fence. They had seen Frozen in a movie theaterback when they could get to the now-government-controlled side of the city that had theaters. No room! 5.6 million refugees have left their home and 6.6 million more have been internally displaced within Syria.) The afternoon adhan from a nearby mosque echoed through the bombed-out streets of Aleppo, the melodious, ethereal voice of the muadhdhin praising Allah and calling everyone to prayer. He was at the final stages of his maturity Its fur was scraggly and dull, and Isabel could feel the cats bones through its skin. Get out. Ivn was a year older than Isabel and lived next door. Ruthie had been born the year Adolf Hitler was elected chancellor of Germany. He couldnt breathe. Josef gave his mother a frightened glance that said, Whats wrong with Papa? He bopped his nose hard enough to jerk awake, and Ruthie laughed hysterically. No. Josef and his sister followed their mother through the crowd at the Lehrter Bahnhof, Berlins main railway station. Mahmoud and his familyWaleed, his mother Fatima, and baby sister Hanaescape the building just in time and it collapses behind them. Then she had it. Sell it, Isabel told him. Which side do you support? The question was as dangerous as his gun. They spilled into the streets, and the few policemen on the Malecn were quickly overwhelmed. It wasnt just his building that had been hit, he realized. Do you have any relatives back in Miami that you want to send a message to? the reporter asked. Sit down! Mahmoud started his journey in Turkey, where, like so many others, he was smuggled to Greece in a rubber boat. The day they had gotten Papas telegram, Josefs mother booked tickets for all four of them to the only place that would take them: an island half a world away called Cuba. Isabel thrust her trumpet into his arms. Are you all right? Waleed finally looked up at him. From there, they could choose to return to Cubaand Castroor languish in a refugee camp while the United States decided what to do with them. No! Josef screamed. The Simpsons! Im going to open my own law office, Seora Castillo said. She grabbed her trumpet, gave it one long, sad look, and ran out the back door. Source (s) Refugee (Alan Gratz) Josef couldnt wait for his bar mitzvah. Then, any left. . Youve put us all in danger! Seor Castillo batted Geraldo Fernandezs arms away. Soon all of them were laughing with her. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. After what seemed like an eternity of looking over their papers, the border guard finally stapled temporary visas onto their passports and let them through. More ships full of refugees? They collapsed behind one of the lifeboats, panting and giggling. The Americans had a new policy everyone called Wet Foot, Dry Foot. If Cuban refugees were caught at sea with wet feet, they were sent to the US naval base at Guantanamo Bay, at the southern end of Cuba. Bombed-out buildings were good too. Mahmoud froze. Isabel smiled. More importantly, we have our lives. Fatima! This route crosses a country border, Google Maps told them, marking the alert with a little yellow triangle. Crash! Mahmoud bishara lives in Aleppo, Syria in the year 2015. Hundreds. Papi! But she was too short and there were too many people. There werent any left. She had to find her father. And why not? Josef shuddered. Lito shook his head. He hurried across the room, his ankles turning painfully on broken bits of wall. Mahmoud is a Muslim boy in Aleppo, Syria in 2015, and his family has no other choice but to leave Syria when their entire apartment building is destroyed by a missile. Validate reading with our Dynamic Quiz System. The way the content is organized, One of the three protagonists of the book, alongside. Mahmouds father gives the man what he asked for and hurries the family away. Renata Aber is Renata Abers younger sister. It was getting harder and harder to get food in the city. Teachers and parents! Refugee is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. No more getting thrown in jail for disagreeing with the government. But what do you want to do when you get there? Seor Castillo asked. Jewish. A Syrian pop song blared from the radio, and young men and women danced and laughed alongside the taxi. Isabel is deeply tied to her Cuban heritage, particularly through her music. What are you playing at, letting them on board? he demanded. One group is handing out diapers. Or its a twelve-hour car ride, non-stop. After school, Mahmoud, Waleed, and their mother, is gone. Today she was wearing her usual around-the-house attire: jeans and a pink nurses shirt she used to wear to work. Isabel had caught him at dinner. Just then, Mahmouds father receives a text about a boat arriving. When the Fernandezes and Castillos are caught in a storm on their journey to Miami, Seor Castillo is flung into the ocean, and Isabel jumps in to save him, demonstrating Isabels incredible maturity. All we have now are two backpacks and our phones. For as long as he could remember, hed wanted this. The guards stand down, unable to stop Mahmoud without causing a fight. Two more soldiers crammed themselves into the backseat, and the last one joined Mahmoud and Waleed in the back with their backpacks. This wasnt what the tourists had paid for. She and Youssef had agreed she should cover up more than she usually did in Aleppo, in case they ran into stricter Muslims outside the city. Finally, the Greek Coast Guard finds Mahmoud and his mother. Mahmoud felt like he was in trouble. Porter? Josef stood in wonder as another sailora German man without a Star of David armband, a man who wasnt a Jewput a suitcase under each arm and one in each hand and led them up the gangway. Asked by Bookragstutor 4. . And the Kurds hold all this territory here. Thus, Mahmoud recognizes the importance of being visible, and his story also raises visibility for the many Syrian refugees who continue to need aid in the present. Germany was somewhere up north, in the heart of Europe. Isabel also deals with a fair share of trauma that expedites this maturity: two years prior, her grandmother Lita drowned during a cyclone in Havana, and on this boat trip Isabels best friend, Ivn, is killed in the water by sharks. While hed been praying, Waleed joined him. There are more refugees than at any time in the last 70 years. Josef and Ruthie went over to see what they were doing. The trick was to be invisible. Ivn was lighter skinned than Isabel, with curly dark hair. Some kids in Daraa, a city in southern Syria, were arrested and abused by the police for writing anti-Assad slogans on walls. Mahmoud knew they needed their phones to help them get to Turkey. But what was the right answer? Josef just turned thirteen! Ruthie told the girls. Waleed and Mahmoud sat in the car with their mother while she nursed Hana under a blanket. A week into their stay on the St. Louis, Josef has his bar mitzvah. It took her a moment to process it, but this was really happening. feet, he wasnt coming back. Teachers and parents! Create a list of books you want then share it with family and friends. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Mahmoud Bishara appears in. Then, Mahmoud and, Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea 2015, 11 days from home (2), the bottom of the sea, and says a funeral prayer for him. However, Mahmoud pulls Hana out of his mothers arms and someone takes her on board, saving her from drowning and the freezing water (many such travelers are unable to save themselves or their children. Hed gone to them with this stupid stunt. Josef could barely walk. Wait! the sailor cried. Three times a day they ate delicious meals in a dining room laid out with white linen tablecloths, crystal glasses, and shining silverware, and stewards waited on them hand and foot. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. What would once have been a happy occasion in the Landau home was now fraught with anxiety, thanks to his fathers paranoia. She got a hand to the side of the boat and looked back. But, more than a teacher, I am a learner! A tag already exists with the provided branch name. Josefs veins ran with ice. After walking for days, the family finally crosses the border into Turkey, in step with hundreds of other fleeing refugees (3.5 million and counting refugees now live in Turkey). Well let you in maana. Tomorrow. Theyre coming for me! Papi cried. They were headed for Hamburg, on the north coast, where his father would meet them to board their ship. (including. A boy about Josefs age, sworn to live and die for the Fatherland. He glanced over his shoulder to make sure no one was listening. She could almost hear it almost And then the motor spluttered and died, and the music stopped. It was the last straw for the police. No! Josef cried. Tomorrow. Josef tiptoed down the corridor. After four years of war, he has become paranoid, and his younger brother, Waleed, no longer expresses emotions. Mahmoud realizes he is finally home. But he knew better. My husband is just eager to leave, she told the sailor. Along with Josef and Mahmoud, he is one of the books three protagonists. Well find her and bring her home., Were not criminals! one of the other men in the cell yelled at him. See the top reviewed local carpet contractors in Witzhave, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany on Houzz. One day, the bombings and war hit home, literally. No! It all sounded so wonderful, but when it came down to it, all Isabel really wanted was a place where she and her family could be together, and happy. Geraldo Fernandez is a character in the film Geraldo Fernandez. He quickly called over two of the stewards, and soon they had the portrait down and were taking it from the room. Rubble was strewn everywhere. This was an era when the Syrian civil war was going on. Cuba was a communist country, like Russia had been, and for decades the Soviets had been buying Cubas sugar for eleven times the price and sending the little island food and gasoline and medicine for free. Through Azaz. The soldier opened the back door of the car and slid inside, pushing Waleed into the back of the station wagon. Yes. No boat today. the leader of Syria in 2015. They all continue to walk for twelve hours, all the way to Austria and freedom. 1st trip on a cruise like boat. He has one brother one baby sister and a mom and dad. Soon the whole boat was singing, and Lito stood and held out a hand to Amara, inviting her to dance. The captain himself has arranged it, Mama said. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. The soldiers in the Bisharas car begin shooting back and Mahmouds family runs away to avoid being caught in the cross fire and killed. Not that Waleed smiled much anymore. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Hands grabbed Isabel and helped her climb the side of the boatIvn! He and his mother and sister would be put off the train, maybe even sent to a concentration camp. Activities at StoryboardThat include Refugee book summary, themes, & more. She says that she thought, Frau Rosenburg explains that she was a refugee, too, and shows, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Go back south, one of the soldiers told Mahmouds father. What nation and city had Mahmoud and his family been waiting in line to enter? Im a man now. And when those soldiers said one of us could go free and the other would be taken to a concentration camp, Josef said, Take me.. It barely qualified as a boat, but it was big enough for the four Castillosand maybe four more guests. Ivn, nail. People are rioting in Havana! Isabel said. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. He took her in his arms and wrapped her in a protective hug. "Mahmoud Bishara was invisible, and that's exactly how he wanted it. She could see it in his wild look. Two of the policemen had broken from the group and were running toward the water. Mahmoud couldnt believe it. His fathers shirt was stained at the armpits, and with a quick sniff of his own shirt Mahmoud realized he stank too. And well have to get to Izmir, on the Turkish coast. The path was crammed full of Syrians, all strolling along like they had nothing else to do and nowhere else to go. He treated them like real passengers. And then the whole country seemed to go crazy all at once. His two siblings, Waleed who is is ten . The Nazis hadnt said it with words, but the message was clear: Josef and his family werent wanted in Germany anymore. No! The shadows threw him to the floor. She reeled in horror. What do we do? What we should have done a long time ago. The second time, his boat had a motor, but hed been caught by the Cuban navy and had ended up in jail. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs But the good people couldn't help you, either." Alan Gratz Ready or not, if we want to live, we have to leave Syria. Not everyone did it anymore, but to Lito it was like an art form. His home was totally destroyed. He kicked and flailed in a panic, but one of the shadows caught his ankle and dragged him face-first across his bed. If you were invisible, the bad people couldnt hurt you, that was true. That soundit was like someone had kicked the front door in. Its tummy purred like an outboard motor, and it butted its head against Isabels hand in between bites. He screamed even louder than his little sister, drowning her out. Youre bleeding was all he said. The timeline below shows where the character Hana Bishara appears in Refugee. But then there his dad was, running down the street toward them, and Mahmoud felt like he could fly. Ill find you again. She had flawless olive skin, long black hair, and full red lips. Isabel cried out and let go of the boat. What does Mahmoud's mother give to a passing refugee raft in the Mediterranean, in pages 110 - 163? The shock shut Ruth up, but only for a moment. A man in the group we walked with gave me the name of a smuggler who can get us from Turkey to Greece. A smuggler? Mom said. Oh, turn it off, Papi said. Khalid never answered another question in class, not even when the teacher called on him directly. He wasnt literally invisible. Other Jewish homes and businesses and synagogues were destroyed all over Germany, and tens of thousands of Jewish men were arrested and sent to concentration camps. A boat to sail to the United States. Asked by Bishara. My dearest Rachel! he said. Castros face was everywhere in Cubaon billboards, on taxis, in picture frames on schoolroom walls, painted on the sides of buildings. The rioters and police traded rocks and bullets, and a man with a bloody head staggered past Isabel. Until 2011, when the Arab Spring came to Syria. The car skids to a stop, and Youssef, Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 4 days from home. Among the people who join Isabel on the journey is her grandfather Lito, who is eventually revealed to be Mariano Padron, the Cuban officer who, decades ago, prevented Josef from entering Havana. Isabels narrative is eerily similar to that of many Cubans under the dictatorship of Fidel Castro. I have to go. Aleppo had been an amazing city to grow up in. The guards and officials threaten the refugees, but no one listens. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. And why did it matter which one got there first? By now he knew what an incoming missile sounded like. When she took Luiss hand, Isabel guessed she was his girlfriend. Mahmoud Bishara is leaving Syria during the volatile regime of Bashar al-Assad in 2015. . Freedom! He reared back again to hit Isabel, and she flinched. Maybe we shouldnt talk about drowning, Papi said, clutching to the side of the boat as they chopped into a wave. He wanted to be a professional baseball player when he grew up, and he was good enough that it wasnt a crazy dream. Mahmoud jumped when it fell, but Waleed stood still, like this kind of thing happened every day. If you were invisible, the bad people couldnt hurt you, that was true. They came to a compartment with a man in the uniform of the Gestapo, the Nazis Secret State Police, and Josef stumbled. She worked her way to one of the cars stuck in the riot, an old American Chevy with chrome tail fins, still around from before the Revolution in the 1950s. The right answer and they lived; the wrong answer and they all died. Isabels family had worked in secret all night with the Castillos, worried someone might hear them, but apparently, everybody else had been doing the same thing. Isabel weaved in and out among them, her trumpet tucked under one arm, looking for Papi and Lito. As her grandfather arrived and helped Isabel get her father to his feet, she understood. Back when they were Germans. Along with Isabel and Mahmoud, he is one of the books three protagonists. Soon enough, a steward balancing a large silver tray came down the hall from the other end and knocked on a door. Refugees, just like Mahmoud and his family, who had left their homes in Syria and were walking north to Turkey. It was hungry Cubans. Castro rambled on without a script, quoting novels and telling personal anecdotes about the Revolution. Not nearly as many as there had been in Havana, but enough. A fist closed around Josefs heart, and he dove for the armband. But Mahmoud was also filled with gratitude. Praise for Refugee A New York Times Notable Book An Amazon Best Book of the Year A Kirkus Reviews Best Book of the Year A Publishers Weekly Best Book of the Year A Junior Library Guild Selection This heart-stopping novel is not only compellingit is necessary. Judy Blundell, National Book Awardwinning author of What I Saw and How I Lied With urgent, clear-eyed storytelling, Refugee compellingly explores the desperation and strength that unites those struggling for a place to call home. Eliot Schrefer, New York Times bestselling author and two-time National Book Award finalist for Threatened and Endangered Powerful. She wore a dark blue wool dress with a white sailors collar and carried her white corduroy stuffed rabbit, Bitsy, everywhere she went. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old Jewish boy living in Berlin, Germany, in 1938. Well all go! Isabel cried. Papi, stop it. She was barefoot like always, and wore a tank top and shorts. the wall. But when the building the Bishara's live in is hit and destroyed by a missile attack, the family knows it is time to leave Syria with its violent civil war behind and . Papa! Towering shadows burst into the room. Alan Gratz the front cover. He put his hands over his heart. Weve spent too much time talking about it and not doing anything. When she got to her papi, he was balled up on the ground and the policeman was beating him with his nightstick. Isabel clung to the wooden bench she sat on, squeezed in between Ivn and her grandfather. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. The air seemed to crackle around them like static from a radio. Josef, Ruthie, Renata, and Evelyne had to swallow their snickers as the steward reached down with his free hand and tried and failed to open the door. (LogOut/ A synagogue, on board the ship? Papa said. Head down, hoodie up, eyes on the ground. He sobbed with the effort of fighting off the mans fingers and hanging onto the dinghy.
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